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Income Equity and Workforce Development: Balancing the Earnings Scale
January 2007

Income Equity and Workforce Development: Balancing the Earnings Scale

James Jacobs
This article calls for community colleges, on behalf of their students, to join the national discussion of how income and wealth are created.
Achieving the Dream in Ohio: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students
November 2006

Achieving the Dream in Ohio: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students

Kevin DoughertyJames W. MarshallAndrea Soonachan
This report provides an audit of state policies in Ohio affecting access to, and success in, community colleges for students of color and low-income students.
Achieving the Dream in Connecticut: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students
November 2006

Achieving the Dream in Connecticut: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students

Kevin DoughertyMonica Reid Kerrigan
This report provides an audit of state policies in Connecticut affecting access to, and success in, community colleges for students of color and low-income students.
Helping Students Enter and Succeed: Access, Success, and Accountability Policies in the “Achieving the Dream” States
November 2006

Helping Students Enter and Succeed: Access, Success, and Accountability Policies in the “Achieving the Dream” States

Kevin Dougherty
This article features findings from a commissioned audit of state policies on community college access, success, and accountability in seven states.
Stepping Stones to a Degree: The Impact of Enrollment Pathways and Milestones on Community College Student Outcomes
October 2006

Stepping Stones to a Degree: The Impact of Enrollment Pathways and Milestones on Community College Student Outcomes

Juan Carlos CalcagnoPeter M. CrostaThomas BaileyDavis Jenkins
This paper presents findings from CCRC's study on the experiences and educational outcomes of older and younger community college students.
Academic Progress of Community College Nursing Aspirants: An Institutional Research Profile
September 2006

Academic Progress of Community College Nursing Aspirants: An Institutional Research Profile

Dolores Perin
This article reports on a study that tracked the academic progress of a cohort of nursing aspirants over a three-year period.
Access and Achievement of Hispanics and Hispanic Immigrants in the Colleges of the City University of New York
August 2006

Access and Achievement of Hispanics and Hispanic Immigrants in the Colleges of the City University of New York

D. Timothy Leinbach
The research described in this report uses student enrollment, credit accumulation, and outcome attainment data to assess the extent to which CUNY provides access to postsecondary educational opportunity and achievement for these students.
The Community College as a Nexus for Workforce Transitions: A Critical Essay
August 2006

The Community College as a Nexus for Workforce Transitions: A Critical Essay

James JacobsRichard A. Voorhees
This article examines horizontal and vertical workforce transitions and how a global economy and the need to train new subpopulations of future workers will cause community colleges to approach their roles in workforce training differently.
CCRC Research Tools No. 1: Using Census Data to Classify Community College Students by Socioeconomic Status and Community Characteristics
July 2006

CCRC Research Tools No. 1: Using Census Data to Classify Community College Students by Socioeconomic Status and Community Characteristics

Peter M. CrostaD. Timothy LeinbachDavis JenkinsDavid PrinceDoug Whittaker
This brief describes the methodology CCRC researchers used to estimate the socioeconomic status of individual students in the Washington State community and technical college system.
Relative Success? Determinants of College Graduation Rates in Public and Private Colleges in the U.S.
May 2006

Relative Success? Determinants of College Graduation Rates in Public and Private Colleges in the U.S.

Marc ScottThomas BaileyGregory S. Kienzl
This article discusses the use of regression analysis to evaluate public and private institutions serving vastly different populations.
What Community College Management Practices Are Effective in Promoting Student Success? A Study of High- and Low-Impact Institutions
May 2006

What Community College Management Practices Are Effective in Promoting Student Success? A Study of High- and Low-Impact Institutions

Davis Jenkins
This study seeks to identify policies and practices of community colleges that are effective in enabling their students to succeed in postsecondary education.
Defending the Community College Equity Agenda
April 2006

Defending the Community College Equity Agenda

Thomas BaileyVanessa Smith Morest
In this book, CCRC researchers analyze how colleges have tried to improve their performance with respect to low-income students, students of color, and nontraditional students.
CCRC Currents 2006
April 2006

CCRC Currents 2006

Thomas BaileyCCRC
In CCRC's 2006 newsletter, Director Thomas Bailey discusses how attention to the postsecondary achievement of community college students has grown over the past 10 years and how that attention represents a shift from an exclusive focus on access and equity.
The Impact of Community College Attendance on Baccalaureate Attainment
April 2006

The Impact of Community College Attendance on Baccalaureate Attainment

Mariana Alfonso
This article advances the literature on the impact of community colleges on baccalaureate attainment by estimating new models that allow controlling for pathways of enrollment while using different measures of educational expectations and correcting for college choice.
State Policies to Achieve the Dream in Five States: An Audit of State Policies to Aid Student Access to and Success in Community Colleges in the First Five Achieving the Dream States
March 2006

State Policies to Achieve the Dream in Five States: An Audit of State Policies to Aid Student Access to and Success in Community Colleges in the First Five Achieving the Dream States

Kevin DoughertyMonica Reid KerriganH. Kenny Nienhusser
This report presents the findings of an audit of state policies affecting access to, and success in, community colleges in five states.
Can Community Colleges Protect Both Access and Standards? The Problem of Remediation
March 2006

Can Community Colleges Protect Both Access and Standards? The Problem of Remediation

Dolores Perin
This article details the qualitative case study that investigated state and institutional practices for remediation in 15 community colleges selected for region, size, and urbanicity.
It’s Not Enough to Get Through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer From Community College to Four-Year Colleges
March 2006

It’s Not Enough to Get Through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer From Community College to Four-Year Colleges

Kevin DoughertyGregory S. Kienzl
This article analyzes two nationally representative datasets to examine how the likelihood of transfer is affected by social background, precollege academic characteristics, external demands at college entrance, and experiences during college
Rethinking Cooling Out at Public Community Colleges: An Examination of Fiscal and Demographic Trends in Higher Education and the Rise of Statewide Articulation Agreements
March 2006

Rethinking Cooling Out at Public Community Colleges: An Examination of Fiscal and Demographic Trends in Higher Education and the Rise of Statewide Articulation Agreements

Gregory AndersonMariana AlfonsoJeffrey C. Sun
The rise of articulation agreements constitutes a new state strategy to cope with the stagnation of higher education appropriations, rising tuition, and high demand for affordable higher education.
Effectiveness of Statewide Articulation Agreements on the Probability of Transfer: A Preliminary Policy Analysis
March 2006

Effectiveness of Statewide Articulation Agreements on the Probability of Transfer: A Preliminary Policy Analysis

Gregory AndersonJeffrey C. SunMariana Alfonso
This article examines whether statewide articulation agreements increase the probability of vertical transfers from two-year to four-year colleges.
Hispanic Educational Attainment in Sub-baccalaureate Programs
March 2006

Hispanic Educational Attainment in Sub-baccalaureate Programs

Mariana Alfonso
Sub-baccalaureate institutions have traditionally been seen as the primary point of access to higher education for economically and academically disadvantaged students.
Strengthening Transitions by Encouraging Career Pathways: A Look at State Policies and Practices
January 2006

Strengthening Transitions by Encouraging Career Pathways: A Look at State Policies and Practices

Katherine L. HughesMelinda Mechur Karp
This report identifies ways in which state policies can support students’ academic and labor market success by creating coherent systems of preparation for students entering technical fields.
ASHE Reader on Community Colleges
January 2006

ASHE Reader on Community Colleges

Barbara TowsendDebra BraggKevin DoughertyFrankie LaananBerta Vigil Laden
This book is a compilation and analysis of research on community colleges.
Implications of Educational Inequality for the Future Workforce
October 2005

Implications of Educational Inequality for the Future Workforce

Thomas Bailey
This paper discusses how economic, political, social, and demographic factors are changing in ways that will likely increase educational inequality in the United States and hamper productivity growth.
Pathways to College Access and Success
October 2005

Pathways to College Access and Success

Katherine L. HughesMelinda Mechur KarpBaranda Fermin
This report reviews findings from a study of five programs that allow high school students to take classes for college credit, or "credit-based transition programs."
Is Student-Right-to-Know All You Should Know? An Analysis of Community College Graduation Rates
October 2005

Is Student-Right-to-Know All You Should Know? An Analysis of Community College Graduation Rates

Thomas BaileyJuan Carlos CalcagnoDavis JenkinsGregory S. KienzlD. Timothy Leinbach
This working paper presents a research model that CCRC has developed to better understand the effects of institutional characteristics on student outcomes.
State Dual Enrollment Policies: Addressing Access and Quality Report
September 2005

State Dual Enrollment Policies: Addressing Access and Quality Report

Melinda Mechur KarpThomas BaileyKatherine L. HughesBaranda Fermin
This report analyzes dual enrollment legislation in all 50 states and examines whether these policies promote or inhibit the spread of dual enrollment programs.
Dual Enrollment/Dual Credit: Its Role in Career Pathways
September 2005

Dual Enrollment/Dual Credit: Its Role in Career Pathways

Katherine L. HughesMelinda Mechur KarpDavid BuntingJanice Friedel
This chapter in Career Pathways: Education With a Purpose explains the differences between articulation (which is predominant in typical Tech Prep consortia) and dual enrollment.
Online Education as Institutional Myth: Rituals and Realities at Community Colleges
August 2005

Online Education as Institutional Myth: Rituals and Realities at Community Colleges

Rebecca Cox
Relying on data from an in-depth study of 15 community colleges, this article explores online education through the lens of institutional theory.
Educational Outcomes of Occupational Postsecondary Students
August 2005

Educational Outcomes of Occupational Postsecondary Students

Thomas BaileyMariana AlfonsoMarc ScottD. Timothy Leinbach
The authors examine whether postsecondary occupational students, particularly sub-baccalaureate students, are more likely than other types of postsecondary students to achieve educational goals.
Necessary but Not Sufficient: Higher Education Reform as a Strategy of Social Mobility
July 2005

Necessary but Not Sufficient: Higher Education Reform as a Strategy of Social Mobility

Kevin DoughertyDavid Karen
This book chapter describes the individual benefits of higher education, the individuals who have access to them, and how the benefits are conferred.
State Systems of Performance Accountability for Community Colleges: Impacts and Lessons for Policymakers
July 2005

State Systems of Performance Accountability for Community Colleges: Impacts and Lessons for Policymakers

Kevin DoughertyEsther Hong
This policy brief contains an analysis of the impacts of performance accountability on community colleges in six states.
The Returns to Education at Community Colleges: Evidence From the National Education Longitudinal Survey
June 2005

The Returns to Education at Community Colleges: Evidence From the National Education Longitudinal Survey

David MarcotteThomas BaileyCarey BorkoskiGregory S. Kienzl
This article discusses the economic effects of a community college education using the latest available nationally representative dataset. The authors find substantial evidence that a community college education has positive effects on earnings among young workers, especially those who earn an associate degree.
The Education Gospel: The Economic Power of Schooling
May 2005

The Education Gospel: The Economic Power of Schooling

W. Norton GrubbMarvin Lazerson
The authors reveal the allure and the fallacy of the American belief that more schooling for more people is the remedy for all our social and economic problems.
CCRC Currents 2005
April 2005

CCRC Currents 2005

Thomas BaileyCCRC
In CCRC's 2005 newsletter, Director Thomas Bailey discusses CCRC's research on the achievement and outcomes of underrepresented students at community colleges.
Building Pathways to Success for Low-Skill Adult Students: Lessons for Community College Policy and Practice From a Statewide Longitudinal Tracking Study
April 2005

Building Pathways to Success for Low-Skill Adult Students: Lessons for Community College Policy and Practice From a Statewide Longitudinal Tracking Study

David PrinceDavis Jenkins
This report presents findings from a first-of-its kind study on the experience and outcomes of low-skill adults in community colleges.
Pedagogical Alignment and Curricular Consistency: The Challenges for Developmental Education
March 2005

Pedagogical Alignment and Curricular Consistency: The Challenges for Developmental Education

W. Norton GrubbRebecca Cox
This chapter discusses the challenge of aligning four necessary elements—instructor approach, student needs, curricular content, and instructional support—in the developmental classroom.
Paths to Persistence: An Analysis of Research on Program Effectiveness at Community Colleges
February 2005

Paths to Persistence: An Analysis of Research on Program Effectiveness at Community Colleges

Thomas BaileyMariana Alfonso
This report presents a critical analysis of the state of the research on the effectiveness of specific practices in increasing persistence and completion at community colleges.
Community College Low-Income and Minority Student Completion Study: Descriptive Statistics From the 1992 High School Cohort
February 2005

Community College Low-Income and Minority Student Completion Study: Descriptive Statistics From the 1992 High School Cohort

Thomas BaileyDavis JenkinsD. Timothy Leinbach
This report summarizes statistics on access and attainment in higher education, focusing on community college students, using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988.
The Effects of Institutional Factors on the Success of Community College Students
February 2005

The Effects of Institutional Factors on the Success of Community College Students

Thomas BaileyJuan Carlos CalcagnoDavis JenkinsGregory S. KienzlD. Timothy Leinbach
This paper examines institutional characteristics that affect the success of community college students as measured by the individual student probability of completing a certificate or degree or transferring to a baccalaureate institution.
Institutional Decision Making for Increasing Academic Preparedness in Community Colleges
January 2005

Institutional Decision Making for Increasing Academic Preparedness in Community Colleges

Dolores Perin
This publication identifies current organizational and instructional approaches to developmental education in community colleges and recommends a process by which colleges can make institutionally appropriate decisions to improve developmental education outcomes.
What We Know About Community College Low-Income and Minority Student Outcomes
January 2005

What We Know About Community College Low-Income and Minority Student Outcomes

Thomas BaileyDavis JenkinsD. Timothy Leinbach
This report summarizes the latest available national statistics on access and attainment by low-income and racial/ethnic minority community college students.
Improving Student Attainment in Community Colleges: Institutional Characteristics and Policies
November 2004

Improving Student Attainment in Community Colleges: Institutional Characteristics and Policies

Thomas BaileyMariana AlfonsoJuan Carlos CalcagnoDavis JenkinsGregory S. KienzlD. Timothy Leinbach
This report reviews the state of research on the determinants of student outcomes in community colleges and initiates a program of empirical research on institutional graduation rates.
The Return to a Sub-Baccalaureate Education: The Effects of Schooling, Credentials, and Program of Study on Economic Outcomes
August 2004

The Return to a Sub-Baccalaureate Education: The Effects of Schooling, Credentials, and Program of Study on Economic Outcomes

Thomas BaileyGregory S. KienzlDavid Marcotte
This report estimates the returns to a sub-baccalaureate education in response to the debate centered on whether vocational education restricts access to a four-year college.
Remediation Beyond Developmental Education: The Use of Learning Assistance Centers to Increase Academic Preparedness in Community Colleges
August 2004

Remediation Beyond Developmental Education: The Use of Learning Assistance Centers to Increase Academic Preparedness in Community Colleges

Dolores Perin
This journal article details a case study on 15 community colleges across the United States and includes findings revealing important means of increasing students' academic preparedness for postsecondary study.
The Characteristics of Occupational Students in Postsecondary Education
August 2004

The Characteristics of Occupational Students in Postsecondary Education

Thomas BaileyMariana AlfonsoGregory S. KienzlBenjamin KennedyMarc ScottD. Timothy Leinbach
This brief presents a profile of the enrollment, demographic, and educational characteristics and educational goals of community college students in occupational programs.
The Academic Mission of Community Colleges: Structural Responses to the Expansion of Higher Education
April 2004

The Academic Mission of Community Colleges: Structural Responses to the Expansion of Higher Education

Vanessa Smith Morest
This paper provides an in-depth account of the impact of expansion on 15 colleges participating in CCRC's National Field Study.
CCRC Currents 2004
April 2004

CCRC Currents 2004

Thomas BaileyCCRC
In CCRC's 2004 newsletter, Director Thomas Bailey discusses CCRC’s analyses of national survey data to identify demographic and educational characteristics of community college students, assess community college student outcomes, and determine the economic benefits of a community college education.
Institutionalization and Sustainability of the National Science Foundation’s Advanced Technological Education Program
April 2004

Institutionalization and Sustainability of the National Science Foundation’s Advanced Technological Education Program

Thomas BaileyYukari MatsuzukaJames JacobsVanessa Smith MorestKatherine L. Hughes
Institutionalization and Sustainability of the National Science Foundation's Advanced Technological Education Program
The Role of Community Colleges in State Adult Education Systems: A National Analysis
April 2004

The Role of Community Colleges in State Adult Education Systems: A National Analysis

Vanessa Smith Morest
This report looks at the structure of literacy and adult education in the United States, with a focus on the role of community colleges.
The Organizational Efficiency of Multiple Missions for Community Colleges
February 2004

The Organizational Efficiency of Multiple Missions for Community Colleges

Thomas BaileyVanessa Smith Morest
Using case study research conducted at eight community colleges in five states, this report examines the issue of, and controversy over, the ever-expanding missions of community colleges.
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