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The Transfer Playbook (Second Edition): A Practical Guide for Achieving Excellence in Transfer and Bachelor’s Attainment for Community College Students
March 2025

The Transfer Playbook (Second Edition): A Practical Guide for Achieving Excellence in Transfer and Bachelor’s Attainment for Community College Students

Tania LaVioletKathryn MastersonAlex AnackiJoshua WynerJohn FinkAurely Garcia TullochJessica SteigerDavis Jenkins
The second edition of the Transfer Playbook provides guidance for achieving excellence in transfer and bachelor’s attainment for community college students based on practices observed at exemplary community college and university partnerships.
Tracking Transfer: Community College and Four-Year Institutional Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor’s Degree Attainment
February 2024

Tracking Transfer: Community College and Four-Year Institutional Effectiveness in Broadening Bachelor’s Degree Attainment

Tatiana VelascoJohn FinkMariel Bedoya-GuevaraDavis JenkinsTania LaViolet
These two reports use student data disaggregated by race/ethnicity, neighborhood income, and age to measure the performance of two- and four-year institutions in enabling students who start college at a community college to transfer and complete bachelor’s programs. State-by-state breakdowns of transfer metrics designed for use by college and state system leaders are included in the reports and in an online data dashboard.
Advancing Equity With Effective Community College Transfer Pathways
December 2023

Advancing Equity With Effective Community College Transfer Pathways

John FinkAurely Garcia TullochJessica SteigerVikash Reddy
This brief, published by The Campaign for College Opportunity, explores ways transfer reform can close equity gaps in bachelor’s degree attainment by providing vital degree pathways for students from minoritized backgrounds.
How Important Are Community Colleges in Promoting STEM?
November 2023

How Important Are Community Colleges in Promoting STEM?

Clive BelfieldThomas Brock
This report argues that a more inclusive definition of STEM that accounts for STEM-oriented technical training programs would better represent the contribution community colleges make to STEM education and the STEM workforce.
Toward a Practical Set of STEM Transfer Program Momentum Metrics
October 2023

Toward a Practical Set of STEM Transfer Program Momentum Metrics

John FinkTaylor MyersDaniel SparksShanna Smith Jaggars
Drawing on administrative records from transfer-intending community college starters across three states, this paper develops a set of early STEM momentum metrics that are useful indicators of subsequent STEM transfer and bachelor’s degree attainment.
Smoothing Pathways to Transfer in the Humanities: A Report on the Strengthening Michigan Humanities Project
March 2023

Smoothing Pathways to Transfer in the Humanities: A Report on the Strengthening Michigan Humanities Project

Susan BickerstaffSelena ChoDaniel SparksJohn Fink
This report describes the rationale, goals, and activities of the Strengthening Michigan Humanities project, and it provides statewide statistics and trends on community college enrollment, transfer, and bachelor’s degree completion in humanities fields.
Stratified Trajectories: Charting Equity Gaps in Program Pathways Among Community College Students
August 2022

Stratified Trajectories: Charting Equity Gaps in Program Pathways Among Community College Students

Yuxin LinMaggie P. FayJohn Fink
Using nine years of data from one state, this paper tracks completion and transfer outcomes to examine when gaps between Black, Hispanic, and White community college students occur, and it estimates the benefits of reaching early academic milestones for such students.
“Lost in the Shuffle”: How Relationships and Personalized Advisement Shape Transfer Aspirations and Outcomes for Community College Students
July 2022

“Lost in the Shuffle”: How Relationships and Personalized Advisement Shape Transfer Aspirations and Outcomes for Community College Students

Maggie P. FayShanna Smith JaggarsNegar Farakish
This journal article examines how students at six community colleges identified and weighed possible transfer destination colleges, and how dedicated and personalized advisement shaped students’ transfer plans and contributed to their transfer outcomes.
Measuring STEM Momentum: Early Indicators of STEM Transfer Success for Community College Students
November 2021

Measuring STEM Momentum: Early Indicators of STEM Transfer Success for Community College Students

John FinkTaylor MyersDaniel SparksShanna Smith Jaggars
Drawing on findings from a study of postsecondary college transcript and degree records, this brief describes metrics that may be useful in assessing efforts to improve STEM transfer outcomes.
Community College Transfer
July 2021

Community College Transfer

This fact sheet outlines challenges in supporting successful student transfer from community colleges to four-year institutions and considerations for improving the transfer process.
A Broken “Promise”? How College Promise Programs Can Impact High-Achieving, Middle-Income Students
April 2020

A Broken “Promise”? How College Promise Programs Can Impact High-Achieving, Middle-Income Students

Shanna Smith Jaggars
This report builds off previous research on American Honors to look at the unintended consequences of college promise programs for the economic mobility of high-achieving, low-income students.
Public-Private Partnership: How and Why Six Community Colleges Loved and Left a For-Profit Partner
February 2020

Public-Private Partnership: How and Why Six Community Colleges Loved and Left a For-Profit Partner

Negar FarakishShanna Smith JaggarsMaggie P. Fay
In this Innovative Higher Education article, the authors examine the development and dissolution of a partnership between a privately held firm and six community colleges, which had established honors programs with the goal of facilitating students' transfer to selective institutions.
Humanities and Liberal Arts Education at Community College: How It Affects Transfer and Four-Year College Outcomes
June 2019

Humanities and Liberal Arts Education at Community College: How It Affects Transfer and Four-Year College Outcomes

Theo PippinsClive Belfield
Using transcript-level data from two community college state systems and a nationally representative survey, this short report examines how course-taking in humanities and liberal arts at community colleges affects transfer and outcomes at four-year colleges.
Humanities and Liberal Arts Education Across America’s Colleges: How Much Is There?
June 2019

Humanities and Liberal Arts Education Across America’s Colleges: How Much Is There?

Theo PippinsClive BelfieldThomas Bailey
This short report provides a systematic accounting of the provision of humanities and liberal arts education at public colleges in the United States, including community colleges.
American Honors: The Life and Death of a Public-Private Partnership
May 2019

American Honors: The Life and Death of a Public-Private Partnership

Shanna Smith JaggarsMaggie P. FayNegar Farakish
In 2012, Quad Learning partnered with two community colleges to pilot American Honors, a program designed to help academically talented community college students overcome the challenges of transferring to more selective four-year destinations. This paper traces the components of the program's socially conscious theory of change, its for-profit business model, and the tensions between the two.
Strengthening Transfer Paths to a Bachelor’s Degree: Identifying Effective Two-Year to Four-Year College Partnerships
June 2018

Strengthening Transfer Paths to a Bachelor’s Degree: Identifying Effective Two-Year to Four-Year College Partnerships

Di XuFlorence Xiaotao RanJohn FinkDavis JenkinsAfet Dundar
Using National Student Clearinghouse data, this paper introduces a two-stage, input-adjusted, value-added analytic framework for identifying partnerships of two- and four-year institutions that are particularly effective in enabling students to transfer and earn bachelor’s degrees.
Ease of Access and Usefulness of Transfer Information on Community College Websites in Texas
April 2018

Ease of Access and Usefulness of Transfer Information on Community College Websites in Texas

Lauren SchuddeCaitlin AbsherDwuana Bradley
This paper assesses the degree to which community college websites present challenges for students looking for information on how to transfer to a four-year institution.
Are Community College Transfer Students “A Good Bet” for 4-Year Admissions? Comparing Academic and Labor-Market Outcomes Between Transfer and Native 4-Year College Students
February 2018

Are Community College Transfer Students “A Good Bet” for 4-Year Admissions? Comparing Academic and Labor-Market Outcomes Between Transfer and Native 4-Year College Students

Di XuShanna Smith JaggarsJeffrey FletcherJohn Fink
Using detailed administrative data from Virginia, this journal article examines whether community college “vertical transfer” students who resemble “native four-year” students in their accumulated college-level credits and performance at their point of entry into the four-year sector perform equally well in terms of both academic and labor market outcomes.
Using Data Mining to Explore Why Community College Transfer Students Earn Bachelor’s Degrees With Excess Credits
February 2018

Using Data Mining to Explore Why Community College Transfer Students Earn Bachelor’s Degrees With Excess Credits

John FinkDavis JenkinsElizabeth M. KopkoFlorence Xiaotao Ran
This CCRC working paper uses data-mining techniques to analyze student transcripts from two states and identify variables associated with excess credits among bachelor’s degree completers who started at a community college.
Tackling Transfer: A Guide to Convening Community Colleges and Universities to Improve Transfer Student Outcomes
December 2017

Tackling Transfer: A Guide to Convening Community Colleges and Universities to Improve Transfer Student Outcomes

KC DeaneJohn FinkMadison GordonDavis JenkinsAlison KadlecJoshua Wyner
This guide aims to help state entities organize workshops for two- and four-year institutions to improve transfer and graduation outcomes for their students through data analysis and self-reflection of institutional practices and the development of action plans.
How to Measure Community College Effectiveness in Serving Transfer Students
December 2017

How to Measure Community College Effectiveness in Serving Transfer Students

John FinkDavis Jenkins
This guide provides instructions for community colleges that want to use National Student Clearinghouse data to assess their own effectiveness and that of particular transfer partnerships in helping students to transfer and complete bachelor’s degrees.
Takes Two to Tango: Essential Practices of Highly Effective Transfer Partnerships
October 2017

Takes Two to Tango: Essential Practices of Highly Effective Transfer Partnerships

John FinkDavis Jenkins
This journal article offers a set of essential transfer practices culled from national fieldwork to two- and four-year institutional transfer partnerships identified using NSC data as highly effective in supporting transfer student success.
Building Transfer Student Success at Macomb Community College: A Report on Transfer and Degree Completion
October 2017

Building Transfer Student Success at Macomb Community College: A Report on Transfer and Degree Completion

Using student data, this report provides information on the outcomes of students who attended Macomb Community College and then transferred to one of 14 four-year destination colleges.
Understanding American Honors: Student Selection, Key Program Components, and Stakeholder Impressions
July 2017

Understanding American Honors: Student Selection, Key Program Components, and Stakeholder Impressions

Shanna Smith JaggarsMarkeisha GrantMaggie P. FayNegar Farakish
Based on a mixed-methods study at six colleges, this brief examines the domestic population served by American Honors; its key programmatic features; and community college student, faculty, and staff perspectives on the program.
Is It Really Cheaper to Start at a Community College?  The Consequences of Inefficient Transfer for Community College Students Seeking Bachelor’s Degrees
May 2017

Is It Really Cheaper to Start at a Community College? The Consequences of Inefficient Transfer for Community College Students Seeking Bachelor’s Degrees

Clive BelfieldJohn FinkDavis Jenkins
Using data from two state systems, this paper examines whether it is more efficient for bachelor’s degree seekers to start at a two-year college.
Policy Levers to Strengthen Community College Transfer Student Success in Texas
January 2017

Policy Levers to Strengthen Community College Transfer Student Success in Texas

Thomas BaileyDavis JenkinsJohn FinkJenna CullinaneLauren Schudde
Based on three sets of analyses, this report to the Greater Texas Foundation recommends ways that state policy could help to improve outcomes for community college transfer students in Texas.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Community College Pathways to Computer Science Bachelor’s Degrees
November 2016

A Longitudinal Analysis of Community College Pathways to Computer Science Bachelor’s Degrees

Shanna Smith JaggarsJeffrey FletcherAfet DundarJohn Fink
This report investigates the national landscape of computer science students at community colleges in order to better understand student behaviors and institutional characteristics that support or hinder community college students’ efforts to attain a computer science bachelor’s degree.
Do Students Benefit From Going Backward? The Academic and Labor Market Consequences of Four- to Two-Year College Transfer
June 2016

Do Students Benefit From Going Backward? The Academic and Labor Market Consequences of Four- to Two-Year College Transfer

Vivian Yuen Ting Liu
This CAPSEE working paper examines the effects of four-year to two-year college transfer on “struggling” students, or those who earned less than a 3.0 grade point average in the first term.
The Transfer Playbook: Essential Practices for Two- and Four-Year Colleges
May 2016

The Transfer Playbook: Essential Practices for Two- and Four-Year Colleges

Joshua WynerKC DeaneDavis JenkinsJohn Fink
This playbook is a practical guide to designing and implementing a key set of practices that will help community colleges and their four-year college partners improve bachelor’s completion rates for students who start at community colleges.
How and Why Does Two-Year College Entry Influence Baccalaureate Aspirants’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes?
April 2016

How and Why Does Two-Year College Entry Influence Baccalaureate Aspirants’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes?

Jeffrey FletcherDi XuShanna Smith Jaggars
Using detailed administrative data from Virginia, this CAPSEE working paper examines how and why the community college pathway to a baccalaureate influences students’ degree attainment and short-term labor market performance.
Tracking Transfer: New Measures of Institutional and State Effectiveness in Helping Community College Students Attain Bachelor’s Degrees
January 2016

Tracking Transfer: New Measures of Institutional and State Effectiveness in Helping Community College Students Attain Bachelor’s Degrees

Davis JenkinsJohn Fink
This report uses five metrics to measure the effectiveness of two- and four-year institutions in enabling community college students to transfer to four-year institutions and earn bachelor’s degrees.
Should Community College Students Earn an Associate Degree Before Transferring to a Four-Year Institution?
October 2015

Should Community College Students Earn an Associate Degree Before Transferring to a Four-Year Institution?

Peter M. CrostaElizabeth M. Kopko
Using data on students who entered community college and then transferred, this paper examines the impact on bachelor’s degree attainment of earning an associate degree before transferring to a four-year college.
What We Know About Transfer
January 2015

What We Know About Transfer

Davis JenkinsJohn Fink
This research overview reviews findings on transfer from community colleges to four-year colleges, including student outcomes, barriers to transfer, the economic benefits of transfer, and potential benefits to four-year colleges.
The Economic Benefits of Attaining an Associate Degree Before Transfer: Evidence From North Carolina
July 2013

The Economic Benefits of Attaining an Associate Degree Before Transfer: Evidence From North Carolina

Clive Belfield
Using data on credit accumulation, award receipt, and earnings, this paper examines whether it is better for students to earn an associate degree before transferring to a four-year college.
Making the Transition to Four-Year Institutions: Academic Preparation and Transfer
June 2008

Making the Transition to Four-Year Institutions: Academic Preparation and Transfer

Josipa RoksaJuan Carlos Calcagno
Based on analyses of unit record data of first-time community college students in the state of Florida, this paper examines the role of academic preparation in the transition from community colleges to four-year institutions.
The Impact of Community College Attendance on Baccalaureate Attainment
April 2006

The Impact of Community College Attendance on Baccalaureate Attainment

Mariana Alfonso
This article advances the literature on the impact of community colleges on baccalaureate attainment by estimating new models that allow controlling for pathways of enrollment while using different measures of educational expectations and correcting for college choice.
Rethinking Cooling Out at Public Community Colleges: An Examination of Fiscal and Demographic Trends in Higher Education and the Rise of Statewide Articulation Agreements
March 2006

Rethinking Cooling Out at Public Community Colleges: An Examination of Fiscal and Demographic Trends in Higher Education and the Rise of Statewide Articulation Agreements

Gregory AndersonMariana AlfonsoJeffrey C. Sun
The rise of articulation agreements constitutes a new state strategy to cope with the stagnation of higher education appropriations, rising tuition, and high demand for affordable higher education.
It’s Not Enough to Get Through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer From Community College to Four-Year Colleges
March 2006

It’s Not Enough to Get Through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer From Community College to Four-Year Colleges

Kevin DoughertyGregory S. Kienzl
This article analyzes two nationally representative datasets to examine how the likelihood of transfer is affected by social background, precollege academic characteristics, external demands at college entrance, and experiences during college
Effectiveness of Statewide Articulation Agreements on the Probability of Transfer: A Preliminary Policy Analysis
March 2006

Effectiveness of Statewide Articulation Agreements on the Probability of Transfer: A Preliminary Policy Analysis

Gregory AndersonJeffrey C. SunMariana Alfonso
This article examines whether statewide articulation agreements increase the probability of vertical transfers from two-year to four-year colleges.
Four-Year Graduates Attending Community Colleges: A New Meaning for the Term “Second Chance”
August 1998

Four-Year Graduates Attending Community Colleges: A New Meaning for the Term “Second Chance”

J. W. QuinleyM. P. Quinley
This paper details a qualitative study of four-year graduates who attended Central Piedmont Community College.
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