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Kevin Dougherty

Professor of Higher Education and Education Policy, Teachers College, Columbia University • Research Affiliate, CCRC

Kevin J. Dougherty is Professor of Higher Education and Education Policy, program director for Education Policy, and research affiliate at CCRC. He received his doctorate in sociology from Harvard University in 1983 and his undergraduate degree in political science from Washington University (St. Louis) in 1972. He has published widely on the origins and impacts of performance funding for higher education, the origins and impacts of community colleges, and public policies affecting access to and success in community colleges.

In October 2016, Dougherty and his colleagues published a book with Johns Hopkins University Press summarizing their research on the implementation and impacts of performance funding: Performance Funding for Higher Education. His book The Contradictory College: The Conflicting Origins, Impacts and Futures of the Community College (SUNY Press, 1994) was awarded the American Sociological Association’s Willard Waller Award for best book in the sociology of education for the years 1994 to 1996.

In spring 2016, Dougherty was a Fulbright Fellow at Birkbeck College, University of London. He is currently researching the role of information inequality in producing and legitimating unequal access and success in U.S. higher education and the political origins of economic development policies involving higher education.

March 2024

Choice, Information Inequity, and the Production, Legitimation, and Reduction of Educational Inequality

This journal article analyzes how choice proliferation and information inequity in higher education join to produce and legitimate educational inequality, and it offers detailed recommendations on how to reduce this inegalitarian impact.
April 2023

Choice Is Not Always Good: Reducing the Role of Informational Inequality in Producing and Legitimating Higher Education Inequality

This paper examines how the process of making higher education choices in the U.S.—whether to enter higher education, attend a particular college, or follow a particular path through college—produces and legitimates social inequality.
March 2020

Comparing and Learning From English and American Higher Education Access and Completion Policies

This journal article explores similarities and dissimilarities of higher education policies in England and the United States with an eye to what each country can learn from the other regarding the reduction of social class and racial/ethnic differences in higher education access and success.
December 2019

Performance-Based Funding for Higher Education: How Well Does Neoliberal Theory Capture Neoliberal Practice?

This article discusses the origins, implementation, and impacts of neoliberal policies by examining the case of performance-based funding for higher education in the United States, Europe, Canada, Australia, and elsewhere. It provides recommendations for how to improve performance funding and how to construct policy models that go behind the narrow imaginings of neoliberal theory.
October 2018

Student Choice in Higher Education—Reducing or Reproducing Social Inequalities?

This paper, published in Social Sciences, examines the idealizations and illusions of student choice and marketization in higher education policy in England.
May 2018

Higher Education Choice-Making in the United States: Freedom, Inequality, Legitimation

This paper released by the Centre for Global Higher Education at the University of London examines how the process of making higher education choices in the United States—whether to enter higher education, attend a particular college, or follow a particular route—reproduces and legitimates social inequality.
November 2017

Reforming the American Community College: Promising Changes and Their Challenges

This paper discusses the organization, roles, and contributions of community colleges, and it analyzes reforms that have been proposed and enacted to meet ongoing challenges.
October 2016

Performance Funding for Higher Education

This book is the culmination of a three-year study of performance funding in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee. Based on interviews with state officials and staff at 18 public institutions, the book delves into the policy implications of performance funding, which ties state financial support of colleges and universities to institutional performance.
April 2016

Looking Inside the Black Box of Performance Funding for Higher Education: Policy Instruments, Organizational Obstacles, and Intended and Unintended Impacts

In addition to drawing on the existing body of research on performance funding, this journal article reports data from a study of the implementation of performance funding in three leading states (Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee) and its impacts on three universities and three community colleges in each state.
April 2015

The Politics of Performance Funding for Higher Education: Origins, Discontinuations, and Transformations

In this book, the authors explore the various forces, actors, and motivations behind the adoption, discontinuation, and transformation of performance funding systems.
March 2015

Organizational Learning by Colleges Responding to Performance Funding: Deliberative Structures and Their Challenges

Based on interviews with over 200 college personnel in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee, this paper identifies and analyzes the deliberative structures used by colleges and universities to respond to performance funding demands.
November 2014

Unintended Impacts of Performance Funding on Community Colleges and Universities in Three States

This paper identifies and analyzes the types and numbers of unintended impacts—actual or potential—of state performance funding policies on higher education institutions in three states: Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee.
November 2014

Obstacles to the Effective Implementation of Performance Funding: A Multistate Cross-Case Analysis

This paper examines the major obstacles that hinder higher education institutions from responding effectively to the demands of performance funding programs in three states: Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee.
November 2014

Institutional Changes to Organizational Policies, Practices, and Programs Following the Adoption of State-Level Performance Funding Policies

This paper examines the ways that universities and community colleges in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee have altered their policies, practices, and programs to respond to the demands of performance funding programs.
November 2014

Policy Instruments in Service of Performance Funding: A Study of Performance Funding in Three States

This study examines the primary policy instruments through which state performance funding systems influence higher education institutions in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee.
November 2014

Implementing Performance Funding in Three Leading States: Instruments, Outcomes, Obstacles, and Unintended Impacts

This paper summarizes findings from a large study on the implementation and impacts of performance funding in three states that are regarded as leaders in that movement: Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee.
September 2014

Performance Funding for Higher Education: Forms, Origins, Impacts, and Futures

This article reviews the forms, extent, origins, implementation, impacts (intended and unintended), and policy prospects of performance funding.
February 2014

The Political Origins of Performance Funding 2.0 in Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee: Theoretical Perspectives and Comparisons With Performance Funding 1.0

This paper examines the political forces supporting the enactment of performance funding 2.0 programs—in which performance funding is embedded into base state funding for higher education—in three leading states.
August 2013

Envisioning Performance Funding Impacts: The Espoused Theories of Action for State Higher Education Performance Funding in Three States

This study reviews the theories of action that advocates of performance funding have espoused for higher education in three states that are leaders in performance funding: Indiana, Ohio, and Tennessee.
July 2013

Performance Funding for Higher Education: What Are the Mechanisms? What Are the Impacts?

This monograph reviews the national and state literature on the forms and impacts of performance funding, and it includes policy recommendations and suggestions for further research.
January 2013

Accounting for Higher Education Accountability: Political Origins of State Performance Funding for Higher Education

This article discusses political forces that shaped performance funding policies in eight states: Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, Washington, California, and Nevada.
December 2011

The Impacts of State Performance Funding Systems on Higher Education Institutions: Research Literature Review and Policy Recommendations

February 2011

The Politics of Performance Funding in Eight States: Origins, Demise, and Change

This report discusses political forces that shaped performance funding policies in eight states: Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, Washington, California, and Nevada.
January 2011

Popular but Unstable: Explaining Why State Performance Funding Systems in the United States Often Do Not Persist

The experiences of three states that dropped performance funding (Missouri, Washington, and Florida) are contrasted with those of a fourth (Tennessee) that has retained it more than 30 years.
October 2010

The Political Origins of State-Level Performance Funding for Higher Education: The Cases of Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington

This report examines the origins of state performance funding in six states and concludes by drawing lessons for policymakers.
September 2010

Undocumented Immigrants and State Higher Education Policy: The Politics of In-State Tuition Eligibility in Texas and Arizona

The eligibility of undocumented students to apply for in-state tuition varies by state. This article analyzes the political origins of divergent responses among states, drawing on the advocacy coalition framework and policy entrepreneurship theory of policymaking.
March 2010

U.S. Community Colleges and Lessons for British Further Education

Part of the collected volume Colleges 2020, published by a U.K. think tank, this chapter provides an international comparison to British further education by discussing U.S. community colleges.
February 2010

Continuity and Change in Long-Lasting State Performance Funding Systems for Higher Education: The Cases of Tennessee and Florida

This paper examines how performance funding systems in two states with long-lasting systems have changed over time and what political and social conditions explain the changes.
November 2009

Performance Accountability Systems for Community Colleges: Lessons for the Voluntary Framework of Accountability for Community Colleges

This report discusses findings and implications of a study commissioned by the College Board to inform the development of the Voluntary Framework of Accountability for Community Colleges.
October 2009

English Further Education Through American Eyes

This article examines various commonalities and divergences between the English further education system and its nearest U.S. equivalent, the community college system.
May 2009

The Demise of Higher Education Performance Funding Systems in Three States

To investigate the unstable institutionalization of performance funding in higher education, this paper examines the cessation of performance funding programs in Illinois, Washington, and Florida.
April 2007

Fifty States of Achieving the Dream: State Policies to Enhance Access to and Success in Community Colleges Across the United States

This report describes what policies all 50 states have in place with respect to key community college practices in three main areas: access, success, and performance accountability.
January 2007

Special Issue: Community College Missions in the 21st Century

This special issue of New Directions for Community Colleges aims to stimulate community college leaders to reexamine their institution’s functional missions in the context of the community college’s societal missions.
January 2007

Community College Missions: A Theoretical and Historical Perspective

This article describes how the missions of the community college have varied over time and across geographical regions, and examines how missions complement and conflict with one another.
January 2007

The Uncertain Future of the Community College Workforce Development Mission

This article explores the evolution of the workforce development role of the community college, its interactions with other missions of the college, and the current crisis facing workforce development.
November 2006

Achieving the Dream in Ohio: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students

This report provides an audit of state policies in Ohio affecting access to, and success in, community colleges for students of color and low-income students.
November 2006

Achieving the Dream in Connecticut: State Policies Affecting Access to, and Success in, Community Colleges for Students of Color and Low-Income Students

This report provides an audit of state policies in Connecticut affecting access to, and success in, community colleges for students of color and low-income students.
November 2006

Helping Students Enter and Succeed: Access, Success, and Accountability Policies in the “Achieving the Dream” States

This article features findings from a commissioned audit of state policies on community college access, success, and accountability in seven states.
March 2006

State Policies to Achieve the Dream in Five States: An Audit of State Policies to Aid Student Access to and Success in Community Colleges in the First Five Achieving the Dream States

This report presents the findings of an audit of state policies affecting access to, and success in, community colleges in five states.
March 2006

It’s Not Enough to Get Through the Open Door: Inequalities by Social Background in Transfer From Community College to Four-Year Colleges

This article analyzes two nationally representative datasets to examine how the likelihood of transfer is affected by social background, precollege academic characteristics, external demands at college entrance, and experiences during college
January 2006

ASHE Reader on Community Colleges

This book is a compilation and analysis of research on community colleges.
July 2005

State Systems of Performance Accountability for Community Colleges: Impacts and Lessons for Policymakers

This policy brief contains an analysis of the impacts of performance accountability on community colleges in six states.
July 2005

Necessary but Not Sufficient: Higher Education Reform as a Strategy of Social Mobility

This book chapter describes the individual benefits of higher education, the individuals who have access to them, and how the benefits are conferred.
March 2003

The Uneven Distribution of Employee Training by Community Colleges: Description and Explanation

This journal article describes the uneven supply of contract training by community colleges.
June 2002

The Community College

This book chapter features an all-inclusive discussion of the role of community colleges in higher education.
January 2002

The Evolving Role of the Community College: Policy Issues and Research Questions

This chapter discusses community college policy issues and provides readers with an in-depth discussion of research questions and methodological perspectives.
November 2001

Community Colleges

January 2001

The Community College: The Origins, Impacts, and Futures of a Contradictory Institution

This book chapter offers a consummate account of the issues surrounding contradictory missions of the community college.
January 2000

Community Colleges and Contract Training: Content, Origins, and Impact

This article analyzes the content, origins, and impact of the community college's growing involvement in contracting with employers to train current or prospective employees in job and academic skills.
January 2000

The New Economic Development Role of the Community College

This paper analyzes the new economic role of the community college by examining its role in workforce development for five different industries.

Recent Publications

March 2024

Choice, Information Inequity, and the Production, Legitimation, and Reduction of Educational Inequality

April 2023

Choice Is Not Always Good: Reducing the Role of Informational Inequality in Producing and Legitimating Higher Education Inequality

March 2020

Comparing and Learning From English and American Higher Education Access and Completion Policies

December 2019

Performance-Based Funding for Higher Education: How Well Does Neoliberal Theory Capture Neoliberal Practice?

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